Source of Funds and Source of Wealth

We analyse, from a legal and evidentiary perspective, the documentation available to demonstrate the lawful origin of the applicant's wealth and of the funds allocated to the investment, identify gaps, and coordinate with the client's accountants and tax advisers to complete the file.

Depending on the case, documentation may relate to:

• Business activity and shareholdings
• Sale of a company or of assets
• Financial investments and dividends
• Professional or employment income
• Inheritances and gifts
• Loans and their repayment
• International transfers and bank statements
• Tax returns in the country of residence

Traceability means that the movement of money can be followed, with documents, from its origin to the investment. Gaps commonly arise when funds pass through several accounts or entities, when cash was involved at some stage, or when the original transaction took place many years ago. Each gap should be closed with evidence or explained.

The figures and descriptions in the file must match: amounts declared to tax authorities, corporate records, bank statements and the narrative of how wealth was generated. Inconsistencies are not necessarily evidence of wrongdoing, but they need to be identified and addressed before the authorities find them.

• Wealth held through companies or trusts without clear beneficial ownership records
• Old transactions with incomplete documentation
• Funds received from family members without documented gifts or loans
• Discrepancies between declared income and asset accumulation
• Documents not apostilled, legalised or translated

Our role is legal and documentary preparation. We do not perform banking functions, issue AML certifications, or obtain financial institution approvals, and we do not guarantee the outcome of any review. Where appropriate, this work is part of a broader legal due diligence and of the citizenship by investment file.